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Greenhouse and field assessment of rhizobacteria to control guava decline
Almeida, Alexandre Macedo;Gomes, Vicente Martins;Souza, Ricardo Moreira;
Bragantia , 2011, DOI: 10.1590/S0006-87052011000400016
Abstract: in an effort to devise a biological strategy to control guava decline, 120 rhizobacteria isolates were obtained from symptomless guava trees located in meloidogyne enterolobii-infested orchards. of those isolates, 44 were assessed for their potential to reduce nematode's reproduction: for each isolate, six guava stem cuttings were embedded for eight hours with bacterial suspension and transplanted. upon development of the roots, the plants were inoculated with 2000 nematode eggs and allowed to grow for four months under greenhouse. seedlings embedded with water, inoculated or not with the nematode, served as controls. all treatments were equivalent in the five variables that assessed plant development. several rhizobacteria reduced (p<0.05) the final nematode population (fp), fp/gram of root and reproduction factor, although not to satisfactory levels. subsequently, a two-year experiment was set up in a guava orchard affected by guava decline, in which three of the most effective rhizobacterial isolates were compared with the biological products nemat？ and nemaplus？ for their ability to reduce variables related to nematode parasitism and increase guava productivity. seven bimonthly applications of these treatments under the tree canopy were unable to reduce nematode parasitism and increase productivity. the decline and death of some plants forced the experiment to be stopped after the first harvest. in conclusion, rhizobacteria applications seem unable to reduce the parasitism of m. enterolobii on guava plants, and even less to reduce the extensive root decay or alleviate the physiological stress suffered by trees affected by guava decline.
Blood glucose from Nile tilapia juveniles anesthetized with clove oil Glicose plasmática em juvenis de tilápia do Nilo anestesiados com óleo de cravo
Antonio Glaydson Lima Moreira,Erivania Gomes Teixeira,Ricardo Lafaiete Moreira,Wladimir Ronald Lobo Farias
Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produ？？o Animal , 2011,
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of clove oil on juvenile’s Nile tilapia anesthesia and to determine the optimal concentration for short exposure and achieving rapid procedures, and also to monitor the blood glucose concentration during fish exposure to the anesthetic. The concentrations of 30; 60; 120; 180; 240; 300; 350 and 400mg/L of clove oil were tested during a ten minutes exposure and the last two ones were used to determine the lethal concentration. Blood samples were used to evaluate glucose levels variations before, during and after anesthesia. The concentration of 30mg/L was considered the ideal to clove oil to induce deep anesthesia during rapid procedures as biometrics. The exposure to a concentration of 400mg/L of clove oil for ten minutes was lethal to the juveniles of Nile tilapia. The blood glucose concentration of the fishes before anesthesia was about 60,0 ± 3,40mg/dL which was the lesser value registered on the experiment. The blood glucose concentrations of the individuals sampled immediately after deep anesthesia (IAD), immediately after recovery (IAR) and 30 and 60 minutes after recovery (30 and 60 AR) were about 85,8 ± 7,04, 90,8 ± 9,37, 124,2 ± 18,62 e 110,2 ± 12,08mg/dL, respectively. Objetivou-se avaliar a eficácia do óleo de cravo na anestesia de juvenis de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) mediante determina o da concentra o ideal para realiza o de procedimentos rápidos com curta exposi o ao anestésico, bem como monitorar a concentra o de glicose sanguínea durante o período de anestesia. Foram utilizadas, durante 10 minutos de exposi o, as concentra es de 30; 60; 120; 180; 240; 300; 350 e 400mg/L de óleo de cravo, das quais as duas últimas para determinar a concentra o letal para os peixes. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas para avaliar a concentra o de glicose antes, durante e depois do processo de anestesia. A concentra o de 30mg/L de óleo de cravo foi considerada ideal para indu o da anestesia profunda durante procedimentos rápidos como biometrias. A exposi o ao óleo de cravo na concentra o de 400mg/L, por 10 minutos, foi letal para juvenis de tilápia do Nilo. A concentra o de glicose sanguínea dos juvenis de tilápia antes da anestesia foi de 60,0 ± 3,40mg/dL, este o menor valor registrado no experimento. Indivíduos amostrados imediatamente após a anestesia profunda (IAP), imediatamente após a recupera o (IAR), 30 e 60 minutos após a recupera o (30 AR) apresentaram concentra o de 85,8 ± 7,04, 90,8 ± 9,37, 124,2 ± 18,62 e 110,2 ± 12,08mg/dL de glicose, respectivamente.
Eficácia do eugenol extraído da planta Eugenia aromatica como anestésico para realiza o de biometrias em adultos de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) = Efficacy of eugenol extracted from the plant Eugenia aromatica as an anesthetic for the biometry procedures in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) adults
Antonio Glaydson Lima Moreira,Erivania Gomes Teixeira,Carlos Riedel Porto Carreiro,Ricardo Lafaiete Moreira
Acta Scientiarum : Animal Sciences , 2010,
Abstract: Os anestésicos figuram como poderosa ferramenta na aquicultura, atuando na redu o do estresse e mortalidade usualmente causados pelo manejo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentra es de eugenol em adultos de tilápia e determinar a concentra o ideal para realiza o de uma biometria. Foram avaliadas seis concentra es (30, 60, 120, 180, 240 e 300 mg L-1). Para cada tratamento, 12 peixes (comprimento médio: 32,7 ± 3,0; peso médio: 557,0 ± 160 g), foram imersos individualmente na solu o anestésica durante 10 min. Durante a indu o anestésica, foram monitorados todos os estágios de anestesia e ao atingir o estágio de anestesia profunda, foi monitorado o número de batimentos operculares durante o minuto seguinte. Após a indu o anestésica, os peixes foram transferidos para aquário contendo água sem anestésico e aferido o tempo de recupera o. A concentra o de 60 mg L-1 necessitou de maior tempo para atingir o estágio desejado de anestesia profunda (206,3 segundos), enquanto a concentra o de 300 g L-1 atingiu este estágio mais rapidamente (77,8 segundos). Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a concentra o ideal de eugenol para realiza o de uma biometria é de 120 mg L-1, e, que o aumento da dosagem do anestésico, implica na diminui o dos batimentos operculares. Anesthetics represent a powerful tool in aquaculture, working to reduce stress and mortality commonly caused by handling. The objective this work was evaluate the effect of various concentrations of eugenol in adults of Nile tilapia and determine its optimal concentration for biometry procedures. Six concentrations (30, 60, 120, 180, 240 e 300 mg L-1) were tested. For each treatment, 12 fishes (average length: 32.7 ± 3.0; average weight: 557.0 ± 160 g) were individually immersed in anesthetic solution for 10 min. All stages of anesthesia were monitored during anesthetic induction, and upon profound anesthesia the opercular beat rate was monitored for the next minute. After anesthetic induction, the fishes were transferred to an aquarium containing water without anesthetic solution, and recovery time was measured. The 60 mg L-1 concentration required more time to reach the desired stage of profound anesthesia(206.3 seconds), while the 300 g L-1 concentration reached this stage more rapidly (77.8 seconds). Results suggest that the optimal concentration of eugenol for biometry procedures is 120 mg L-1, and that increase anesthetic dosage results in reduced opercular beat rate.
Impact of Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene Polymorphisms on the Metabolic Profile of Adult Patients with the Classical Form of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Ricardo P. P. Moreira, Larissa G. Gomes, Berenice B. Mendonca, Tania A. S. S. Bachega
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044893
Abstract: Background CAH patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and it remains unknown if lifelong glucocorticoid (GC) treatment is a contributing factor. In the general population, glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) polymorphisms are associated with an adverse metabolic profile. Our aim was to analyze the association between the NR3C1 polymorphisms and the metabolic profile of CAH patients. Methodology Sixty-eight adult patients (34SV/34SW) with a mean age of 28.4±9 years received dexamethasone (mean 0.27±0.11 mg/day) to obtain normal androgen levels. SW patients also received fludrocortisone (50 μg/day). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined by the NCEP ATPIII criteria and obesity by BMI ≥30 kg/m2. NR3C1 alleles were genotyped, and association analyses with phenotype were carried out with Chi-square, t-test and regression analysis. Results Obesity and MetS were observed in 23.5% and 7.3% of patients, respectively, and were not correlated with GC doses and treatment duration. BMI was positively correlated with blood pressure (BP), triglycerides (TG), LDL-c levels and HOMA-IR and inversely correlated with HDL-c levels. BclI and A3669G variants were found in 26.4% and 9.6% of alleles, respectively. Heterozygotes for the BclI polymorphism presented with higher BMI (29 kg/m2±5.3 vs. 26 kg/m2±5.3, respectively) and waist circumference (89 cm±12.7 vs. 81 cm±13, respectively) compared to wild-type subjects. Hypertension was found in 12% of patients and heterozygotes for the BclI polymorphism presented higher systolic BP than wild type subjects. Low HDL-c and high TG levels were identified in 30% and 10% of patients, respectively, and were not associated with the NR3C1 polymorphisms. A3669G carriers and non-carriers did not differ. Conclusion In addition to GC therapy, the BclI GR variant might play an important role in obesity susceptibility in CAH patients. Genotyping of GR polymorphisms could result in the identification of a subgroup at risk patients, allowing for the establishment of personalized treatment and the avoidance of long-term adverse consequences.
Greenhouse and field assessment of different organic compounds against guava-parasitic Meloidogyne enterolobii
Almeida, Alexandre Macedo;Souza, Ricardo Moreira;Gomes, Vicente Martins;Miranda, Guilherme Bessa;
Bragantia , 2012, DOI: 10.1590/S0006-87052012000100011
Abstract: guava decline is a complex disease involving meloidogyne enterolobii and fusarium solani and it has caused major direct losses to brazilian growers. although several strategies have been sought to control the nematode, the use of organic soil amendments is currently the best approach to manage this disease. to assess the best amount of meat and bone meal (mbm) to be incorporated into the soil, guava seedlings inoculated with m. enterolobii were treated with 1-5% v/v of the mbm. ninety days later variables related to nematode reproduction and plant development were evaluated, which indicated a potential nematicidal effect of the mbm at 3%. another experiment assessed nematode- and plant-related variables 90 days after treatment of the seedlings with mbm, chitosan, shrimp shell or neem cake at 3%, 0.05%, 2% and 0.1% v/v, respectively. the mbm ranked first, reducing nematode reproduction. this mbm rate was converted to 25 kg/tree and assessed in three application regimes (monthly, bimonthly or trimonthly), for six months, in an orchard affected by guava decline. the variables assessed were soil density of colony forming units (cfu) of bacteria and fungus, and soil and/or root density of m. enterolobii, helicotylenchus sp., and of different nematode trophic groups. in all three application regimes the mbm reduced all plant-parasitic nematodes in the soil and the fungus cfus. it also promoted an increase in bacterial cfu and bacterivorous nematodes.
Reproductive biology of Oligosarcus argenteus (Gunther, 1864) adult males and description of the gonadal maturation stages
Matt, Sérgio Luis Pinto da;Gomes, Marcos de Lucca Moreira;Andrade, Dálcio Ricardo de;
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology , 2009, DOI: 10.1590/S1516-89132009000100016
Abstract: oligosarcus argenteus belongs to the acestrorhynchinae subfamily, being restricted to south america, and found in several brazilian hydrographic basins, in lotic and lentic environments, where they are able to reproduce. with the purpose of studying the reproductive biology of the males from this species, many morphological parameters were analyzed during a 24 month period, as well as characterizing the different testicular maturation stages. a maturity scale, with three stages (i - initial maturing, ii - intermediate maturing, iii - final maturing) was proposed for the adult males of oligosarcus argenteus. the reproductive period was established by the bimonthly frequency of spermatogenesis and by the gonadal maturation stages.
Estabelecimento de normas DRIS e diagnóstico nutricional do cafeeiro arábica na regi？o noroeste do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Barbosa, Dimmy Herllen Silveira Gomes;Vieira, Henrique Duarte;Partelli, Fábio Luiz;Souza, Ricardo Moreira de;
Ciência Rural , 2006, DOI: 10.1590/S0103-84782006000600008
Abstract: reference - 'dris' - standards are essential for evaluation of the nutritional status of coffee plantations, and such standards are not yet available for the state of rio de janeiro. in this work, 125 well-conducted plantations had their nutritional status evaluated through foliar analysis. the results obtained for those 25 plantations with productivity above 40 60kg-bags per hectare were used for developing the "dris" standards. the nutrients calcium, borum, zinc and potassium seem limiting for the productivity, while iron and magnesium were found in excessive amounts.
Rela？？o entre variáveis da composi？？o corporal e densidade mineral óssea em mulheres idosas
Chaves, Luciane Moreira;Gomes, Lucy;Oliveira, Ricardo Jacó de;Marques, Martim Bottaro;
Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte , 2005, DOI: 10.1590/S1517-86922005000600009
Abstract: there are controversies in the literature as to the importance of the total body mass (tbm), lean mass (lm), and fat mass (fm) as determinant factors to the mineral bone density (mbd) in elder women. purpose: to determine the relationship of the mbd to the tbm, lm and fm in elder women. methods: it was studied ninety-seven 60-70 years old women (mean 66.41 ± 4.82 years). none of the participants was using hormones or any other medication that could affect the bone metabolism, as well as they were not smokers or alcohol consumers. the body composition and the mbd of the femoral cervix (fc) and lumbar spine (ls) were measured through dxa, a lunar dpx-iq. the relationship between tbm, lm, and fm as well as the fc and ls' mbd were performed separately using linear regression analysis. the multiple regression analysis was used to determine the tbm, lm, and fm on the fc and cl mbd. results: the tbm was strongly correlated to the fc and ls' mbd (r = 0.54, p = 0.01, and r = 0.37, p = 0.01, respectively) than the ft (r = 0.30, p = 0.01, and r = 0.19, p = 0.06, respectively) and the lm (r = 0.44, p = 0.01, and r = 0.26, p = 0.05, respectively). conclusion: the tbm and lm were the body components that kept a significant relationship to the fc and ls' mbd. the fm showed a weak correlation to the fc and ls' mbd, and it was not significant in this last site. thus, the tbm and the lm are the most significantly determinants among the body composition to the mbd in elder women.
Efeito da suplementa o da dieta com Spirulina platensis no crescimento e colora o de tilápia vermelha Efecto de la suplementación dietaria con Spirulina platensis en el crecimiento y la coloración de la tilapia roja Dietary supplementation with Spirulina platensis increases growth and color of red tilapia
Igor GRF Gomes,Felipe H Chaves,Rodrigo NA Barros,Ricardo L Moreira
Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias , 2012,
Abstract: No cultivo de espécies aquáticas, uma nutri o adequada assume importancia fundamental no sucesso da atividade, principalmente nas fases iniciais de cria o, período em que os animais est o mais susceptíveis ao manejo err neo e mudan as bruscas do ambiente. Objetivo: o Objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de Spirulina platensis como suplemento alimentar no crescimento e colora o de tilápia vermelha. Métodos: as tilápias foram cultivadas com ra o comercial (D1: controle), ra o comercial + Spirulina platensis úmida (D2), ra o comercial + Spirulina platensis seca (D3) e ra o comercial + microalgas de água doce (D4). Resultados: em rela o ao desempenho zootécnico, D2 obteve os melhores resultados. As taxas de sobrevivência alcan adas nos tratamentos D1, D2 e D3, foram superiores as alcan adas no tratamento D4 (p<0.05). Os índices de masculiniza o e gastrointestinais foram estatisticamente similares para todos os tratamentos (p<0.05). Os índices hepatossomáticos encontrados em D1 e D4 foram estatisticamente semelhantes (p<0.05), porém, ambos apresentaram valores abaixo dos encontrados em D2 e D3 (p<0.05). A intensidade da cor amarela de D2, após a extra o de pigmentos das peles dos peixes, apresentou-se moderada, enquanto em D3 a intensidade foi fraca (Abs 490 nm). Os extratos das peles dos peixes que n o consumiram S. platensis, apresentaram colora o muito fraca. As contagens das microalgas presentes na água verde de D1, realizadas através de microscopia óptica, revelou que a cianobactéria do gênero Microcystis apresentou 95% dominancia. Conclus es: os peixes alimentados com S. platensis, úmida ou seca, obtiveram desempenho superior e colora o mais forte que os animais expostos somente ao alimento artificial ou combinado com microalgas de água doce. A microalga marinha demonstrou ser um suplemento alimentar eficiente para tilápia vermelha. Sugerem-se estudos da rela o custo-benefício do cultivo e oferta de S. platensis para os peixes, desta forma elucidando as vantagens econ micas que esta prática poderá trazer para a tilapicultura comercial. En el cultivo de especies acuáticas, la nutrición adecuada es de importancia fundamental para el éxito de la actividad, especialmente durante las primeras etapas de la producción, período en que los animales son más susceptibles al mal manejo y a cambios ambientales repentinos. Objetivos: el propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de la Spirulina platensis como suplemento alimenticio para el crecimiento y coloración de la tilapia roja. Métodos: las tilapias fueron cultivadas con alimento c
Pork sausage market: marketing, labeling and consumer characterization Mercado de embutidos de suínos: comercializa o, rotulagem e caracteriza o do consumidor
Terezinha Domiciano Dantas Martins,Wadme Inacio Bezerra,Ricardo Targino Moreira,Ludmila da Paz Gomes da Silva
Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produ？？o Animal , 2009,
Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the sanitary-hygienic conditions of establishments selling pork sausage, the labeling of such products aiming the compliance of existing legislation, and the characterization of the consumer profile. The study was conducted in 17 commercial establishments of Solanea-PB, using pre-established sanitary inspection sequence. Labels of 25 pork sausages samples (weenie sausages, pork sausages, ham sausages and bologna) were recorded and evaluated. In order to characterize the profile of consumers, 71 individuals were randomly interviewed at the time of purchasing the sausage products. It was found that the establishments surveyed had inadequate sanitary-hygienic conditions. The products had labels and nutritional information, however, they still have to meet the norms of National Agency of Sanitary Vigilance. Consumers have few information about nutritional qualities of meat and sausages of pork, but when purchasing those products they are concerned about quality, appearance, cleanliness and hygiene. Thus, it is suggested the establishment of municipal specific norms, labor training and more effective controls to ensure food safety for consumers. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar as condi es higiênico-sanitárias dos estabelecimentos que comercializam embutidos de suínos, a rotulagem destes produtos, visando constatar o cumprimento da legisla o vigente, e a caracteriza o do perfil dos consumidores. O estudo foi conduzido em 17 estabelecimentos comerciais de Solanea-PB com base na inspe o sanitária por meio de roteiro pré-estabelecido. Os rótulos de 25 amostras de embutidos de carne suína (salsichas, lingüi as, apresuntado e mortadela) foram anotados e avaliados. Para caracterizar o perfil dos consumidores, 71 indivíduos foram abordados aleatoriamente no momento da compra e entrevistados. Constatou-se que os estabelecimentos pesquisados apresentaram condi es higiênico-sanitárias inadequadas à comercializa o. Os produtos avaliados apresentaram rótulos e informa o nutricional, porém necessitam atender às normas da Agência Nacional de Vigilancia Sanitária. Os consumidores locais s o poucos informados sobre as qualidades nutricionais da carne e embutidos suínos, mas na hora da compra est o preocupados com a qualidade, a aparência, a limpeza e higiene dos produtos. Desta forma, sugere-se o estabelecimento de regras municipais específicas, treinamento de m o-de-obra e controles mais efetivos, visando garantir a seguran a alimentar dos consumidores.
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